HEALTH: DEBUNKING MYTHS ABOUT AND STAYING INFORMED ABOUT VAGINAL INFECTIONS

By Grace Adepoju

There is a common belief that the use of dirty toilets causes what is known as “toilet infection.” Medically, the term “toilet infection” does not exist, rather, it is just a non-formal term people use to describe the itching and smelly discharge that comes from the private part.

Vulvovaginitis is the inflammation of the vagina and vulva, but is frequently referred to as vaginitis. When only the vagina inflamed, it is referred to as vaginitis, and when it’s just the vulva, it is referred to as vulvitis. Vaginitis may not be a household word, but it is something that many women have experienced, as statistics have confirmed that almost one-third of women will experience this at some point during their lifetime.

The use of dirty toilets is not the actual source of the alleged “toilet infection,” and this alleged “toilet infection” is actually called vulvovaginitis or vaginal infection which happens when the vagina’s flora of bacteria and yeast gets distorted, which causes a disproportionate increase in these organisms to the point where they may be able to cause inflammation. Infections, hormonal changes, and improper antibiotic use are the potential causes of the flora distortion. The vulva and vaginal reactions to a foreign body could also be the cause. Vaginal infection could be bacterial, yeast or trichomoniasis.

Vaginal infections result from a high concentration of the fungus candida albicans in the vagina, which is greater than what is required to keep the vagina’s flora balanced. When the number of pathogenic bacteria in the vagina exceeds that of protective bacteria, it results in bacterial vaginosis. Sexual contact is the usual way that trichomoniasis is contracted. Men who have trichomoniasis are unquestionably a source of infection for their partners because they typically exhibit no symptoms of infection. Additional factors that contribute to “toilet infections” are sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. “Toilet infections” can also result from viruses like herpes and the human papilloma virus, a drop in hormone levels, particularly during menopause or after childbirth, and allergic reactions to lubricants, lotions, detergents, etc.

Vaginal infections can cause rash, blisters or bumps, itching, burning, redness, swelling, and dryness in the vulva or vagina. It could also manifest as pain during sex, urination discomfort, vaginal spotting, and bad-smelling vaginal discharges. Another potential complication that can arise from a vaginal infection is vulvovaginal candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection. This is an overgrowth of yeast that can cause itching, burning, and discharge. Another potential complication is bacterial vaginosis, which is an overgrowth of bacteria that can cause discharge, itching, and pain. A less common, but more serious, complication is pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to scarring, infertility, and other reproductive problems.

The organism that causes vaginitis determines what discharge comes from the vagina. Yeast infections are usually white, odorless, itchy, and frequently thick, resembling spoiled milk in appearance. Bacterial infection is thinner but heavier and smells like fish with either green or grey color. Those who have trichomoniasis syndromes smell like fish as well, but they also occasionally have a yellow-green tint and froth.

The best course of action for managing suspected vaginitis is the consultation of a physician. Laboratory testing on a sample of the vaginal discharge can be required to make a diagnosis and determine the next course of action. Treatment options for yeast-related infections include antifungal medications, suppository insertions, and antifungal creams. Oral metronidazole is typically used to treat trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis. To treat bacterial vaginosis, topical clindamycin and metronidazole gel can also be applied to the vulva or vagina. When vaginal irritation occurs, self-care measures to take care of oneself include rinsing the vagina with water instead of soap, and then giving it a warm water soak. Afterwards, the vagina is dried with a towel, not rubbed.

It is advised to avoid douching because it weakens the symptoms by removing the layer of protective bacteria. Additionally, powders, perfumes, and hygiene sprays should be avoided near the vagina. When vaginal infections are observed during menstruation, pads should be used instead of tampons and not be left for a long time before changed. It is important for diabetics to keep their blood sugar levels within normal ranges in order to prevent exacerbating their vaginitis symptoms.

On clothing, it is advised to put on loose-fitting clothing instead of pantyhose. The key benefits of wearing loose-fitting clothes when it comes to preventing vaginal infections include that it allows for better airflow and ventilation, which can help to prevent moisture build-up, it reduces friction and chafing, which can irritate the delicate skin of the vagina; and it provides a less-hospitable environment for bacteria and other microorganisms that can cause infection. Cotton undergarments are better than those made of synthetic materials because they promote airflow and lessen the accumulation of moisture around the genital area. One should also not go to bed wearing underwear because it can trap moisture and heat against the skin, creating a warm, moist environment that bacteria and other microorganisms thrive in. It can also prevent the skin from breathing and getting the oxygen it needs to stay healthy. It is preferable to use a condom during intercourse if a vaginal infection is suspected in order to stop the infection from spreading further. Regular cleaning of the vagina should be done during bathing and showering as a preventive measure. The anus should be wiped after using the restroom, starting from the front and working your way back. Avoid bringing any vaginal pathogens into the anus by never moving your hands from the anus to the vagina. Hospitals should be consulted when self-treating vaginitis, especially if pelvic pain or a fever are observed, or if symptoms are not improving.